Anti-Aging

Scientists engineered “super stem cells” that reversed multiple signs of aging in monkeys, rejuvenating over half of the tissues examined.

Context

Stem cells help repair damaged parts of the body, but as people age, stem cells stop working as well, which contributes to aging. Researchers from the Chinese Academy of Sciences studied Hydra, tiny jellyfish-like animals that live forever in ponds and lakes, and found these creatures make a protein called FoxO that keeps their stem cells working indefinitely. The researchers, inspired by the Hydra, began researching anti-aging in humans, as well, since humans have a similar protein called FoxO3 that helps cells stay healthy longer. 

Better Stem Cells

Last month, the group of researchers published a study in Cell where they modified human stem cells to have stronger FoxO3 activity.

They mainly tested these modified cells on older monkeys, who were roughly equivalent to 57 to 69-year-old humans. The monkeys received injections every two weeks for 44 weeks, equivalent to about three human years. Some monkeys were injected with saltwater, some with regular stem cells, and some with the modified Hydra stem cells.

Anti-Aging Results

The modified stem cells reversed aging in more than half of the tissues examined across the monkeys’ bodies. Treated monkeys had healthier bones similar to young monkeys. Their blood vessels improved, and they had less buildup of harmful materials in their organs.

Brain scans showed the treatment stopped age-related brain shrinkage and restored brain connections to youthful levels. The monkeys also remembered things better than those who hadn’t received the modified stem cells.

How It Works

The treatment reduced old, damaged cells that build up with age and cause inflammation. It also lowered overall inflammation and signs of damage throughout the body.

The modified stem cells work better than regular stem cells because they can survive in the harsh conditions caused by aging. If the treatment continues to be safe over time, researchers said it could eventually be tested in humans.